Polyurethane (PU) Rigid Ua Npuas Ncauj tau ua lub pob kws ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab, siv dav siv vim nws cov kev ua yeeb yam sov sov thiab cov qauv qauv. Lub hauv paus rau nws cov txheej txheem tsim qauv yog lub tshuab sawv cev, lub luag haujlwm tshuaj rau kev tsim npuas cov qauv qauv. Ntau xyoo dhau los, cov neeg sawv cev thev naus laus zis tau hloov kho ntau, uas tau tsav los ntawm cov kev cai ib puag ncig, kev xav tau hluav taws xob, thiab kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb. Cov ntawv no tshawb nrhiav qhov kev nce qib ntawm Puav ntawm cov neeg sawv cev, nrog kev tsom xam rau hauv av qeeg ntawm plaub ntu kev daws teeb meem plaub.

Ib nyuag keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg sawv cev

1. Thawj tiam: CFCS (Chlorofluorocarbons)
2. Qhov thib ob tiam: HCFCS (hydrochlorofluorocarbons)
3. Thib peb: HFCS (Hydrofluorocarbons)
HFCS xws li HFC - 245FA thiab HFC - 365MFC tshem tawm cov kev txhawj xeeb tab sis ntsib kev thuam rau lawv lub ntiaj teb kev ua kom sov sov muaj peev xwm (GWP). Lub Kigali Kev Hloov Kho (2016) ua kom nrawm dua qhov hloov mus deb ntawm qhov siab - GWP HFCS.
4. Plaub tiam neeg: HFOs thiab qes - GWP daws teeb meem
Niaj hnub nimno tshuab cov neeg sawv cev zoo li hydofluoroolfins (hfos) thiab ntuj tsim, kev sib npaug ntawm kev ua tau zoo, kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev nyab xeeb.

Plaub - Cim Tshuab Cov Neeg Sawv Cev: Pioneering Kev Ua Haujlwm

Qhov tshiab tiam ntawm tshuab cov neeg sawv cev nyob rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov ntsiab lus ua ntej thaum muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov hom phiaj thoob ntiaj teb. Ntawm no yog lawv cov cwj pwm txhais tau hais tias:

1..
Thib plaub cov neeg sawv cev, tshwj xeeb HFOS (E.G., HFO - 1233Zd, HFO - - 1336MZZ), khav theeb GWPS ze xoom. Piv txwv li, HFO - 1233zd muaj GWP ntawm <1, piv rau HFC - 245FA's GWP ntawm 1,030. Qhov kev txo qis kev txhawb nqa kev cai txhawb nqa kev cai zoo li EU F - Cov kev cai roj thiab U.S. SNAP.

2. Xoom Ozone Depletion Muaj Peev Xwm (ODP)
Tsis zoo li CFCS thiab HCFCS, HCOS thiab ntuj tshuab cov neeg sawv cev (piv txwv li, cyclopentane, kom ua raws li cov montreal raws cov qauv thiab cov nyom Stratospheric ozone.

3. Zog hluav taws xob ua haujlwm thiab ua haujlwm thermal
Txawm hais tias muaj kev txhawj xeeb tsawg - GWP cov neeg muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tam sim no sib phim (Lambda qhov tseem ceeb) ntawm HFC. HFOs, piv txwv, pab tau ua npuas ncauj ua npuas kom ua tiav λ - qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 19-22 mw / m · k, txhim kho kev txuag hluav taws xob hauv cov tuam tsev thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

4. Kev tswj hwm ua raws li thiab yav tom ntej - Faib
Nrog cov tsoomfwv yuav tsum tau ua ntu zus ntawm siab - GWP tshuaj lom neeg, thib plaub cov neeg sawv cev cov kab ke ua haujlwm ua ntej. U.S. EPA Txoj Cai Act thiab cov cai zoo sib xws thoob ntiaj teb ua rau kom tau txais cov kev daws teeb meem no.

5. Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Cov Ntaub Ntawv Sib Xws
Cov neeg sawv cev niaj hnub ua ntej kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm. HFOS nthuav tawm cov flammability qis (A2L faib) thiab tshuaj lom, tsis zoo li hydrocarbons (e.g., cyclopentane), uas yuav tsum tau tawg - Ntawv qhia. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov kev ua npuas dej uas twb muaj lawm, txo cov nqi rov qab rov qab.

6. Ntuj kev xaiv: COU thiab dej
Tshaj li HFOs, co₂ (siv ua kua lossis ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj) thiab dej sib koom * hauv situ *) muab Bio - Raws li cov nqi xaiv. Thaum cov kev sib tw zoo li ua npuas ncauj tswj kev tswj hwm tsis tu ncua, txuas ntxiv R & D yog kho lawv cov kev siv.

Kev cov nyom thiab cov cib fim

Thaum plaub lub tshuab ua kom cov neeg sawv cev cim cim cim rau pem hauv ntej, hurdles nyob twj ywm:
- Tus nqi: HFOs muaj nqi dua li cov neeg sawv cev legacle, tab sis kev lag luam ntawm cov nplai yuav tsum txo tus nqi.
- Kev Ua Lag Luam - Offs: qee cov neeg sawv cev thaum ntuj yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev ua npuas ncauj.
- Cov cheeb tsam kev txais yuav kev txais yuav cov tub rog: Kev tsim cov lag luam hauv kev hloov pauv vim yog cov txheej txheem kev tsim kho thiab them tus nqi.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev nruam txuas ntxiv mus. Hybrid Systems Blend Hfos nrog Hydos, Nanotechnology - Ua npuas dej ua npuass, thiab Ai - Tsav kev ua kom tiav cov lus cog tseg rau kev nce qib ntxiv.

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Kev hloov mus rau plaub - Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg sawv cev hauv qab lub phaw kev lag luam pat kev cog lus kom muaj kev ruaj khov tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm. HFOs thiab lwm txoj kev xaiv yog rov ua cov qauv rwb thaiv tsev, ua rau cov tsev ntsuab greener, lub zog - txuag hluav taws xob. Raws li kev tshawb fawb nrawm thiab cov cai ua kom nruj, cov kev daws teeb meem no yuav ua rau lawv lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov roj carbon ib txwm muaj thiab kev ua tau zoo tuaj yeem ua ke.